When should soap and water be used instead of an alcohol-based sanitizer in hand hygiene?

• A. Use soap and water for visibly dirty or contaminated hands or after exposure to certain pathogens; otherwise, use an alcohol-based sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
• B. Always use an alcohol-based sanitizer regardless of hand cleanliness.
• C. Soap and water should be used only after meals.
• D. Soap and water is never required if sanitizer is available.

Answer: (A)